'For the person or persons that hold dominion, can no more combine with the keeping up of majesty the running with harlots drunk or naked about the streets, or the performances of a stage player, or the open violation or contempt of laws passed by themselves than they can combine existence with non-existence'.

- Benedict de Spinoza. Political Treatise. 1677.




Sunday, July 05, 2009

on certainty 54


54. For it is not true that a mistake merely gets more and more improbable as we pass from the planet to my own hand. No: at some point it ceases to be conceivable.

This is already suggested by the following: if it were not so, it would also be conceivable that we should be wrong in every statement about physical objects; that any we make are mistaken.



being certain –

is what ceases to be conceivable

it is not that we are right or wrong –

mistaken or not –

any statement about physical objects –

like any proposition – is open to question –

is open to doubt –

is uncertain


© greg t. charlton. 2009.