'For the person or persons that hold dominion, can no more combine with the keeping up of majesty the running with harlots drunk or naked about the streets, or the performances of a stage player, or the open violation or contempt of laws passed by themselves than they can combine existence with non-existence'.

- Benedict de Spinoza. Political Treatise. 1677.




Friday, August 14, 2009

on certainty 105

105. All testing, all confirmation and disconfirmation of a hypothesis takes place already within a system. And this system is not a more or less arbitrary and doubtful point of departure for all our arguments: no it belongs to the essence of what we call an argument. The system is not so much the point of departure, as the element in which arguments have their life.



either the argument ‘takes place already within a system’ –

and the argument then is a function or expression of the system

or the system ‘belongs to the essence of what we call an argument’

and the system then is a function and expression of the argument?

what’s it to be?


© greg t. charlton. 2009.